Hijrah is the name given to the migration of Prophet Muhammad [ sallallahu alayhi wa sallam ] and his companions from Mecca to Medina in 622, with the permission of Allah, to escape hardship and mistreatment. After the Second Aqabah Pledge, when the polytheists learned that the Muslims would migrate to a place where they could find refuge and protection, they increased their harassment even more. As the Muslims could no longer live in Mecca due to unbearable torture, they presented their situation to the Prophet [ sallallahu alayhi wa sallam ] and asked for permission to migrate.
The Messenger of Allah, with the permission of Allah, pointed the Muslims toward the path to Medina and said:
"I have been shown the city to which you will migrate; it is a place with palm groves situated between two black rocky lands." (Bukhari, Kafalah, 4)
He commanded them to embrace the Ansar, their Muslim brothers from Medina, and said:
"Allah the Almighty has granted you brothers and a land where you will find peace!" he said.
After this, the Muslims prepared in secret without letting the polytheists notice. They helped one another and began to migrate secretly.
